scientific name Sargocentron pepperella, is a species of fish belonging to the family Holocentridae. This family is also known as the soldierfishes and squirrelfishes, which are widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical waters of the world. Peppered Squirrelfish is commonly found in the western Indian Ocean and the Red Sea, inhabiting coral reefs, rocky and sandy areas, and seagrass beds at depths ranging from 3 to 50 meters.

Peppered Squirrelfish can grow up to 20 cm in length, and their overall body shape is elongated, somewhat compressed, and cylindrical, with a small head and large eyes. They have two distinct dorsal fins with sharp spines, the first one is longer than the second one, and their anal fin is relatively short. The body is colored in a distinct peppered pattern of reddish-brown to dark-brown spots and speckles over a lighter background color, ranging from yellowish-white to pinkish-white.

Peppered Squirrelfish is nocturnal and spends most of the day hiding in crevices, under ledges, or in coral cavities. They emerge at night to feed on small fish, crustaceans, and other invertebrates. Due to their nocturnal habits, they have large, sensitive eyes that help them navigate through the darkness and locate prey. Peppered Squirrelfish is generally solitary or found in small groups, and they are not known for their social behavior.

The Peppered Squirrelfish is not of commercial importance, but it is an attractive species commonly kept in home aquariums. They are relatively hardy and can adapt to a wide range of water conditions, but they require plenty of hiding places in their aquarium, as well as a varied diet that includes live or frozen food. Like most squirrelfish species, they are territorial and aggressive towards their own kind, so it is recommended to keep them singly or in pairs.

In summary, the Peppered Squirrelfish is a fascinating and beautiful species of fish that is widespread in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean. Their distinctive coloration and nocturnal habits make them a popular addition to home aquariums, and they play an essential ecological role in their natural habitat as predators of small fish and invertebrates.